Is The Word "Bourbon" A Registered Trademark

This guide explores what trademarks are, how they tin benefit you and your organization, and why registration is important.

1. Understanding trademarks

To succeed in the business earth, you demand to transport the correct message and develop the correct image. If people cannot pick your products or services out from the crowd, they might work with another person or company that is easier for them to observe.

In fact, some brand names that got famous in the 1920s for being reliable and high quality are yet leaders today. That is because the public likes what it knows and trusts. Companies spend millions of dollars taking care of their corporate image.

A registered trademark is one way to protect your corporate image. Registering your trademark gives you lot legal title to it the way a deed gives you title to a slice of existent estate.

What is a trademark? A trademark is a sign or combination of signs used or proposed to exist used by a person to distinguish their appurtenances or services from those of others.

Over time, trademarks come to stand for not simply the actual goods or services a person or company provides, just besides the reputation of the producer. Trademarks are very valuable intellectual property.

There are several types of trademarks:

An ordinary trademark includes words, designs, tastes, textures, moving images, mode of packaging, holograms, sounds, scents, 3-dimensional shapes, colours, or a combination of these used to distinguish the goods or services of one person or organization from those of others. For example, suppose you started a courier business organisation that you chose to call Light-headed-up. Yous could register these words as a trademark (if you met all the legal requirements) for the service that you offer.
A certification mark tin can be licensed to many people or companies for the purpose of showing that sure goods or services meet a divers standard. For example, the Woolmark design, owned by Woolmark Americas Ltd., is used on clothing and other goods.

People occasionally misfile trademarks with patents, copyrights, industrial designs and integrated circuit topographies. Similar trademarks, these others are forms of intellectual property. However, there are of import differences:

Trademarks may be one or a combination of words, sounds, designs, tastes, colours, textures, scents, moving images, 3-dimensional shapes, modes of packaging or holograms, used to distinguish the goods or services of one person or organization from those of others.
Patents cover new and useful inventions (product, limerick, car, process) or whatever new and useful comeback to an existing invention.
Copyright provides protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works (including estimator programs) and other subject area-thing known as performer's performances, audio recordings and communication signals.
Industrial designs are the visual features of shape, configuration, design or ornamentation, or whatever combination of these features applied to a finished article.
Integrated circuit topographies are the three-dimensional configurations of electronic circuits embodied in integrated circuit products or layout designs.

Trade proper noun vs. trademark

A trade proper name is the name of your business organisation. A trade proper noun can be registered nether the Trademarks Act just if it is also used as a trademark; that is, if information technology is used to place appurtenances or services.

For example, permit us suppose that you own an water ice cream business organization and that your company is called "A.B.C. Ltd.".

Example one: People know your water ice foam under the name "A.B.C. Ltd." because you use this name as a trademark that you place on your ice cream. You tin therefore apply to register the trade name "A.B.C. Ltd." every bit a trademark.

Instance ii: People know your ice cream by the proper noun "N Pole", which is what you use to promote your product. Even though the name of your company is "A.B.C. Ltd," no one thinks of that name when they retrieve of what you sell. In that instance, the name "A.B.C. Ltd." is not existence used as a trademark but rather as a trade name.

Note: A trademark registration may be cancelled if someone else in Canada has made use of a similar merchandise name or trademark in the past.

Registered trademark vs. unregistered trademark

When you lot annals your trademark, you lot get the sole right to use the mark across Canada for 10 years. You can renew your trademark every 10 years after that.

A registered trademark is ane that has been entered in the Register of Trademarks. The document of registration is direct evidence that you own the trademark.

You practise not have to register your trademark; past using a trademark for a sure length of time, you may accept rights nether common law. Nevertheless, if you use an unregistered trademark and end up in a dispute, you could be looking at a long, expensive legal battle over who has the right to apply it. If yous fail to really use the mark for a long time, your registration may be taken off of the Register of Trademarks, which will brand it more difficult to evidence legal ownership of the trademark.

Read well-nigh how to register trademarks outside of Canada afterward in this Guide.

What yous can and cannot register every bit a trademark

What you can register

You can register any trademark that does not contravene the Trademarks Act. For more detailed information, see the Trademarks Human activity.

What yous can't register

Trademarks that are generally unregistrable include the following:

Names and surnames

A trademark may non be registered if information technology is nothing more than a name or surname.

An exception is if y'all can prove that your goods or services have get well known under the name or surname then that the word has acquired a second meaning in the public mind.

Clearly descriptive marks

You may not register a trademark that clearly describes a characteristic or quality of your goods or services.

For example, the words "sweet" for ice cream, "juicy" for apples, and "perfectly clean" for dry-cleaner services could not exist registered as trademarks. All apples could exist described as "juicy" and all ice cream equally "sweet"; these are natural characteristics of the items. If you were immune to register these words, no other apple sellers or ice cream vendors could utilise them to promote their goods, and that would be unfair. But, again, if you tin institute that "Sweet Water ice Cream" has become so well known that people will immediately think of your product (and no i else's) when they read or hear these words, you may be allowed to register the trademark.

Deceptively misdescriptive marks

You cannot register a trademark that is deceptively misleading. For case, yous could not register "cane sugar" for processed sweetened with artificial sweetener or "air express" for a courier service that uses ground transportation.

Place of origin

You may not register a trademark that describes the geographical location where the goods or services come up from. Allowing you to use such place names as your trademark would hateful you are the only one who tin can use the geographical identify name, and that would be unfair to others who trade in that place. For example, you could non annals "Italian republic" for lasagna.

Also, y'all may not register a word that misleads the public into thinking that the goods or services come from a certain identify when they practise not. For example, y'all could not register "Paris Fashions" or "Denmark Furniture" equally a trademark for goods or services if they did not come from there.

Words in other languages

You may not register trademarks that are the name, in any language, of the goods or services associated with your trademark. For example, you lot would not be able to register the word "gelato" (Italian for "water ice cream") in association with frozen confections; "anorak" (Inuktitut for "parka") in association with outerwear; or "wurst" (German language for "sausage") in association with meat.

Confusing with a registered or awaiting trademark

Beware of trademarks that are similar to another trademark that is registered or is the bailiwick of a previously-filed awarding. If your trademark is confusingly like to a registered trademark or a pending trademark, it will be refused.

Trademark examiners wait at many things when they determine whether trademarks are confusing, including:

whether the trademarks look or audio alike and whether they suggest like ideas
whether the trademarks are used to market place like goods or services

Let'southward get dorsum to the example of "North Pole" ice cream. Suppose another company were manufacturing and selling frozen-water products under the registered trademark "S Pole." The public could easily think that "North Pole" and "South Pole" products are fabricated and sold past the aforementioned company, and may expect that the trademarks would be endemic by the same arrangement. That could mean your application to annals "North Pole" would be turned down because it could cause confusion with the registered marking "South Pole," which is endemic by some other company.

For more than data on confusingly similar trademarks, y'all can refer to subsection 6(5) of the Trademarks Act.

Trademarks that are identical to, or likely to be mistaken for, prohibited marks

You lot may not register a trademark that is identical or similar to certain official marks unless yous have the permission from the system that controls the mark. These official marks include:

official government designs (e.m., the Canadian flag)
coats of arms of the Royal Family
badges and crests such as those of the Canadian Armed Forces and the letters RCMP
emblems and names of the Red Cross, the Ruby Crescent, and the United Nations
armorial bearings (coats of arms), flags and symbols of other countries
symbols of provinces, municipalities and public institutions

Subject matter that is scandalous, obscene, or immoral is also non allowed. For instance, your trademark may not include profane language, obscene visuals or racial slurs.

You may non use portraits and signatures of living people or people who take died inside the last thirty years. For example, using the photograph of an existing stone group to promote your record store is not immune unless you take their permission.

A few other things yous cannot do

You lot cannot register a trademark if it consists of a plant diverseness denomination (when a right is granted to the possessor for control over the multiplying and selling of reproductive fabric for a particular plant multifariousness) or is a mark so virtually resembling a constitute diverseness denomination that it is likely to be mistaken for it, where the application covers the constitute multifariousness or another plant variety of the aforementioned species.

You lot cannot register a trademark that indicates the geographical origin of a vino, spirit, or agricultural production or nutrient unless your goods are from that geographical surface area. For case, you could not annals the trademark "Okanagan Valley" if the wine you are making is from Ontario.

Who tin can apply for registration?

In order to be entitled to registration of a trademark, an bidder must be a "person". A "person" may be an individual, partnership, merchandise spousal relationship, association, joint venture, or corporation. An applicant tin include two or more persons, for instance "John Doe, Jane Smith".

How long does registration last?

Your registration lasts for 10 years from the date of registration. You may renew it every 10 years later that for a fee.

How much does an application toll?

Y'all must pay an application fee when submitting your application for the registration of a trademark.

What to consider before filing an application

This guide volition requite you the bones information you lot need to file a trademark awarding. Yet, the Registrar cannot write your application for you, give you legal or business advice, or exercise a search of trademarks for you.

Search the Canadian Trademarks Database

A good first step is to do a search of existing trademarks to bank check whether your trademark could be confusing with someone else's. You practise not accept to practice this, but information technology will help you know whether similar trademarks be. If they exercise, yous could end upwards infringing on someone'south trademark, which could land you in court.

Yous can do a search through the Canadian Trademarks Database. The listings cover trademarks (active and inactive), official marks and prohibited marks. As presently as the Registrar receives your awarding, it too becomes part of the public record.

To do a proper search, you will have to bank check for different possible versions of the trademark that yous want to register. For a standard character trademark (word or words), you should expect for all possible spellings, including in French. For example, if your trademark is "Due north Pole," yous would search for "Northward", "Nord", and "Pole."

To start your search, visit the Canadian Trademarks Database. Use our tutorial to make the virtually of your search.

Search trade names

Earlier yous go any farther, you lot should as well search trade names. Trade names are often used equally trademarks - even if they are not registered.

Case of search trade names

The name of your visitor is "North Pole." A company chosen "South Pole" has never filed for trademark registration. However, if the name "South Pole" has become known for frozen-h2o products, the company could argue that it has rights in the proper noun "South Pole" every bit a merchandise proper name and too equally a trademark.

The Registrar would not have the name "South Pole" in its trademark records because information technology does not register merchandise names. "Due south Pole", withal, could easily find out that y'all are using "North Pole", either by doing a search of the Registrar'due south records or by seeing your application published in the Trademarks Journal on the website of the Canadian Intellectual Property Role. "Due south Pole" may so challenge your application during the opposition phase in the registration procedure.

Delight annotation that trade names can exist recorded separately in each province under provincial legislation. Therefore, there is no single, complete list of trade names in Canada.

Since searching trade names can be quite complex, we suggest that you hire a trademark amanuensis to do the piece of work for you.

Consider hiring a registered trademark amanuensis

Preparing and following through on your trademark application tin be a circuitous process. Whoever does it needs a lot of knowledge nigh trademark police and how the Registrar's office works.

Beware of unregistered trademark agents! They are not authorized to represent applicants in the prosecution of trademarks applications.

A trademark amanuensis volition make certain that your application is properly written and then that your trademark will be protected. This is especially important if someone challenges your right to the trademark. Y'all exercise non accept to rent an agent simply it is frequently appropriate to do so.

One time you have an agent, the Registrar volition correspond with that person. If you lot cancel that organization, the Function will then correspond with you straight. You lot may change trademark agents or cull to no longer have one at any time.

Consult the listing of registered trademark agents should y'all wish to hire a registered trademark agent to handle your file.

2. Filing a trademark application

Preparing a trademark application

A complete awarding includes:

the name and mailing address of the applicant
a representation or description, or both, of the trademark
a statement in specific and ordinary commercial terms of the appurtenances and services associated with the trademark
the argument of appurtenances and services grouped according to the Nice Classification
the application fee
any other requirements specific to the type of trademark sought to be registered

You must file a separate application for each trademark that you wish to register. However, one awarding tin can cover a number of goods or services for a given trademark.

Representation or description

Your application must include a representation or clarification, or both, of the trademark which conspicuously indicates what is being sought for registration.

The representation may contain more than than one view of the trademark if multiple views are necessary for the trademark to exist clearly divers. In addition, the representation must not exceed 8cmx8cm in size.

For colour trademarks or trademarks that are claiming color(southward) every bit a characteristic, representations must be submitted in colour, forth with a description of the color(s) and where they appear in the trademark.

For sound and moving image trademarks, an electronic representation and a clarification of the trademark is required.

For more data on the representation and clarification requirements for non-traditional trademarks, please refer to the Practise detect on not-traditional trademarks.

Annotation: If you wish to keep your trademark registered, you must register your trademark the manner you will use it. In other words, you must not change it in any style, including changing the colour as you described it in your awarding.

Application fees

When you ship us an application to register a trademark, you must pay the application fee. The fee is made up of the base fee which includes one class of goods or services and another fee for each additional class of goods or services.

Yous can pay by credit card (VISA, MasterCard, or American Express), direct payment, postal money order or cheque (postal money orders and cheques must be made payable, in Canadian dollars, to the Receiver General for Canada). Practice not add federal and provincial taxes.

Filing your awarding

You may file your application and pay the fee online or y'all may send your finished application with your payment past mail.

Filing engagement

In one case the Registrar has received your application, staff will review it to make sure information technology is complete. If annihilation is missing, we will contact you to ask for more than information. Once this procedure is finished, we will admit that nosotros have received your application and give it a filing engagement - that is, the appointment on which your application met all the filing requirements. This filing date is important since it is the appointment used to assess who is entitled to registration in the case of defoliation betwixt co-pending trademarks.

You may change your awarding in some ways subsequently you accept filed it. Even so, not all changes are acceptable. Certain changes will mean you have to file a new awarding.

The examination process

After the Function receives your application and grants it a filing date, we:

search the trademark database to find any registered or pending trademark that is confusing with your trademark (if we notice ane, we will inform you)
examine the application to make sure it does not contravene the Trademarks Act and Regulations, raise any objection to registering your trademark and inform you of any outstanding requirements
publish the application in the Trademarks Journal after which the public may file an opposition (claiming) to your awarding
register your trademark if no one opposes to your application (or if an opposition has been decided in your favour)

Examiners do a thorough search of the trademarks database to make sure that your trademark does not conflict with 1 already filed or registered.

Examination

The examiner assigned to your file reviews the search results, determines if the trademark is registrable, and decides whether your awarding tin be approved for advertisement. The examiner volition let you lot or your agent know of any objections, if there are whatever. Yous so have a chance to respond. If your answers do not satisfy the examiner, you will get a alphabetic character explaining that your awarding has been refused and telling you why. If you lot receive a refusal, you have the right to appeal to the Federal Court of Canada.

Note: There is no special form for responding to an examiner's report unless you are asked to send a revised application.

Pre-publication search

Earlier a trademark is advertised in the Trademarks Journal, the examiner performs 2nd search (a pre-publication search) to make certain that no 1 has recently registered or applied for a trademark that would conflict with the ane you want to register. If there is a conflict, the Registrar volition tell you or your agent and ask for your comments.

Publication

If the pre-publication search does non show any new confusing trademarks, we will annunciate the application in the Trademarks Periodical published on our website every Wednesday. The Periodical is the official publication that lists every application that has been canonical for advertising in Canada. It gives information almost an application, including the proper noun and address of the applicant, the file number, the filing engagement, the trademark, and the associated appurtenances and services. By advertising applications, we give others a take a chance to object to them before they are registered.

Opposition

Any person tin can oppose a trademark application advertised in the Trademarks Periodical . The person must file either a statement of opposition or a request request for more time to oppose within two months of the advert. The proper fee must be sent with the argument of opposition or the request for more time. The Registrar volition not permit any opposition that we consider to be frivolous.

If your application is opposed and you practise not already accept an amanuensis, we urge you lot to hire ane at this point. The same is truthful if y'all wish to oppose someone else'south awarding. You can discover a listing of agents hither.

Opposition is a circuitous and often long process. Opposition proceedings are adversarial in nature and similar to courtroom proceedings. Both parties may file bear witness and written representations, cross-examine the evidence of the other party, and appear at an oral hearing. After a final decision is made, it may exist appealed to the Federal Court of Canada.

For more than information, visit the Trademarks Opposition Lath (TMOB) spider web pages on opposition proceedings or contact united states.

Registration

If there is no opposition, or if an opposition has been decided in your favour, the Registrar will annals your application and will not expect at whatsoever further challenges. The Registrar will send you a certificate of registration and enter the trademark in the Annals of Trademarks.

Abandonment

If you do non respond to an examiner's report, the Registrar may consider your awarding to be abandoned. Before this happens, the Registrar volition notify you and give you a chance to correct the situation within a specific time period. If y'all practise not answer within that fourth dimension, you lot will have to file a new awarding (along with another fee).

Note: If you do not notify the Registrar of a change of accost, the Registrar is not responsible for any correspondence that yous or your agent do not receive.

Communicating with the Office of the Registrar of Trademarks

Business organisation with the Part of the Registrar of Trademarks is unremarkably done in writing. All paper correspondence should be addressed to:

Function of the Registrar of Trademarks
Canadian Intellectual Belongings Office
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
Place du Portage I
fifty Victoria Street, Room C114
Gatineau QC K1A 0C9

Fax: 819-953-CIPO (2476)

Correspondence about opposition or summary expungement (section 45 of the Trademarks Act) must be conspicuously marked "Attention Opposition Board" or "Attending: Section 45 Proceedings", depending on the contents of the letter of the alphabet, and addressed to:

Trademarks Opposition Board
Canadian Intellectual Property Function
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
Place du Portage I
50 Victoria Street
Gatineau QC K1A 0C9

Fax: 819-953-CIPO (2476)

For more information, delight consult CIPO'southward correspondence procedures.

If you are request about the status of your application and it has not nevertheless been given to an examiner, yous should contact the Client Service Centre. If your awarding has been given to an examiner, delight use the contact number on the study sent to you past that examiner.

The Registrar will respond to all questions, but cannot:

search the Canadian Trademarks Database for you
submit documents for registering transfers of buying
give yous legal advice, other than telling yous about the Trademarks Act, the Trademarks Regulations, and other information that you lot can get on our website

To find out the condition of active opposition or summary expungement files, please come across the Canadian Trademarks Database.

Electronic services

You can utilise our electronic services to:

file a trademark awarding
file an amended trademark awarding
group the goods and services of a registration co-ordinate to the classes of the Nice Classification system
renew a trademark registration
request copies of trademark documents

You can use the TMOB'due south online web application to:

Opposition proceedings

file a statement of opposition
file a counter statement
submit the opponent's evidence, or argument
submit the applicant's evidence, or statement
submit the opponent's reply evidence
submit the opponent'due south written representations, or statement
submit the applicant'due south written representations, or statement
asking a hearing
request an extension of time

Section 45 proceedings

request a section 45 detect
submit the registered owner's evidence, or statement
submit the requesting party's written representations, or statement
submit the registered owner'south written representations, or statement
asking a hearing
request an extension of time

iii. Registering a trademark exterior Canada

Registering your trademark with the Registrar protects your rights in Canada simply. If you lot wish to market place goods or services in other countries, you should recall about getting trademark registration(southward) there likewise. For more information, delight refer to the International Trademarks under the Madrid Protocol or contact a trademark agent.

4. Expungement of a trademark registration

When someone registers a trademark, they gain a very valuable correct. Nonetheless, they can lose that right (expungement, or removal, from the Register of Trademarks) unless they carry out specific responsibilities. A trademark registration tin can be expunged for several reasons, including: the trademark losing its distinctiveness, abandonment of the trademark, and non-use of the trademark.

Delight contact CIPO's Client Service Heart if yous need more information.

five. Renewal fee

To maintain your trademark registration, y'all are required to pay a renewal fee every ten years. If you do non, your trademark volition be expunged from the Annals of Trademarks. The Registrar volition transport you a notice with information most your payment deadline.

half-dozen. Use in Canada (section 45 proceedings)

Another of your responsibilities as the owner of a trademark is to use the trademark in Canada. If you do non use it, the registration could exist expunged from the Register of Trademarks by the Registrar. The Registrar could kickoff summary expungement proceedings, after 3 years beginning on the solar day on which a trademark is registered, either on their own at whatsoever time during the life of the registration, or if another party pays the proper fee and asks them to.

The procedure begins when the Registrar sends a notice to the registered owner request them to provide evidence showing that the trademark has been used in Canada during the last three years or to prove that there are special circumstances that excuse the fact that the trademark has non been used. If the owner fails to respond to the Registrar, the trademark is liable to be expunged from the Register of Trademarks.

Once the Registrar has received the requested prove, the possessor and the other party can send in written arguments and also announced at an oral hearing. After the Registrar has made a terminal determination to expunge, ameliorate or maintain the registration, the owner or other party can entreatment to the Federal Court of Canada.

The process we accept outlined here is complex. We recommend that you utilize a registered trademarks amanuensis to help you through it.

For more data, visit our web page on section 45 proceedings or contact united states of america.

7. Transfers

A trademark is a form of holding. You tin sell, bestow or transfer your rights to someone else through an assignment. To avoid ownership disagreements, you should formally tell the Registrar almost changes in ownership.

Yous should also tell the Registrar well-nigh anything else that affects the ownership a trademark, such as a modify of proper name or a business merger.

eight. Marking requirements

At that place is no legal requirement to mark your trademark with any particular symbol. However, many owners use the following symbols to bear witness that their trademark is registered:

R (registered)
TM (trademark)
SM (service mark)
MC (marque de commerce)

9. Policing your trademark

Information technology is up to you to make sure nobody is using your trademark without your permission and to take activeness if someone does. You may wish to take action if you come across a trademark or a trade proper name that could exist confused with your registered trademark, as you do not want anyone imitating your trademark.

There is a adept reason for this, across just the imitation. If your business concern is successful and someone imitates your trademark, it may be in danger of becoming a generic term. For example, if consumers start saying "Due north Pole" when they hateful any ice cream, in the aforementioned way that the trademark "zipper" is now what nearly everyone says when they mean "slide fastener", the rights in your trademark may no longer be enforceable.

10. Common errors

Earlier you file your trademark application, take some time to get through the following checklist. The fewer errors you make, the more quickly your application will go through.

Fee

Remember that each application must be accompanied by an application fee (non-refundable).

Note: You can pay by credit card (VISA, MasterCard, or American Express), direct payment, postal money order or cheque (the postal money society or check must exist fabricated payable, in Canadian dollars, to the Receiver General for Canada). Do non add together federal and provincial taxes.

Goods or services

You lot may not apply a trademark registered by someone else to depict your goods or services. Many registered trademarks have go function of everyday language, simply you cannot use them to depict your goods or services. A few examples are "yo-yo," "bubble wrap," and "kleenex".

Make sure that yous include all the goods or services with which y'all plan to apply, or take used, your trademark, and that they are grouped according to the classes of the Nice Classification. Y'all may non expand the scope of goods or services after you have filed the awarding.

The Trademarks Human activity states that the description of the goods or services you are applying for must be in specific and ordinary commercial terms. In other words, your awarding should apply common names for the goods and services and use wording that is as complete and as specific as possible (due east.thou., shirts, bread, sofas, etc.). To help you with this, the Goods and Services Manual list acceptable diction for many goods and services. It also gives guidelines for how to identify goods and services not listed.

eleven. Instance of a trademark application

To the Registrar of Trademarks, Gatineau, Canada.

The applicant, DEF Inc., whose full mail service part address of its primary office or place of business is 456 Number Artery, Ottawa, Ontario, D4E 5F6, applies for the registration of the trademark identified beneath.

The trademark is a design, the representation of which is shown below:

Representation of a trademark design

Statement of goods and services

Form 25

Blouses, sweaters, pants, skirts, socks, underwear and pyjamas.

Class 35

Operation of an online retail wearable store; operation of an online retail jewellery store.

Boosted Information

Websites of interest

The post-obit are a few websites you lot may detect helpful.

General interest

Innovation, Scientific discipline and Economical Evolution Canada

The Canadian Intellectual Property Role, which includes the Trademarks Office, is a special operating agency of Innovation, Science and Economical Development Canada.

Corporations Canada

Helps Canadians contain, maintain and operate businesses, not-for-profit corporations, and other corporate entities.

Canada Business Network

This is a single access point for federal and provincial/territorial authorities services, programs and regulatory requirements for businesses.

Establish Breeders' Rights Part (Canadian Food Inspection Agency)

This part oversees the Plant Breeders' Rights Human activity and Establish Breeders' Rights Regulations, which protect the legal correct of found breeders for their new plant varieties.

Intellectual belongings

Intellectual property

Canadian Trademarks Database

This is a searchable database of all active and inactive trademark applications and registrations in Canada. It as well shows the status of all active opposition and summary expungement (section 45) cases.

Trademarks Opposition Board

Oversees and provides information about trademark opposition and summary expungement proceedings (department 45 proceedings) in Canada.

WIPO Intellectual Belongings Digital Library

Provides access to intellectual property data collections hosted by the Globe Intellectual Holding Organization (WIPO).

Us Patent and Trademark Office—English content simply

Processes patent and trademark applications and provides information, resources and services for trademarks and their registration in the The states of America.

Related acts and case law

Precious Metals Marking Act

Sets out the rules for using quality marks for precious metals. This helps forestall the registration of trademarks that may exist misread as quality marks.

Bank Human activity

Regulates Canada'due south chartered banks, and restricts the use of the term "cyberbanking services" in lodge to prevent unauthorized use of this term.

Canada Post Corporation Act

Regulates mail service in Canada and prohibits unauthorized use of words such as "mail", "letter", and "post" and the unauthorized sale of stamp stamps.

Federal Court of Canada

Provides a searchable database of all decisions made past the judges of the Federal Court and the Federal Court of Appeal.

Supreme Courtroom of Canada

Provides a searchable database of all decisions made past the Supreme Courtroom of Canada.